What might be the consequence of increased intracranial pressure on a patient?

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) can significantly impact a patient’s neurological status. One of the most serious consequences of heightened ICP is the potential loss of consciousness. When pressure builds within the cranial cavity, it can compromise brain function by reducing perfusion and oxygen supply to critical areas of the brain, particularly the brainstem, which regulates levels of consciousness.

Loss of consciousness is often due to brain herniation or a significant decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure, leading to changes in mental status ranging from confusion to complete unresponsiveness. Other symptoms that may accompany increased ICP can include headache, nausea, vomiting, and focal neurological deficits. Addressing and managing increased ICP promptly is vital to preserve brain function and prevent further neurological deterioration.

The other options—improved cognitive function, development of dysphagia, and increased appetite—are not typical consequences of increased intracranial pressure and would not align with the physiological impacts and symptoms associated with this condition.