What method of administration is used for hydrocortisone in adrenal crisis?

In the context of managing an adrenal crisis, hydrocortisone is typically administered either intramuscularly (IM) or intravenously (IV). This flexibility in administration routes is crucial because an adrenal crisis can present with severe hypotension and altered mental status, making it essential to offer quick and effective treatment options.

Intravenous administration is preferred in emergency situations due to its rapid onset of action, allowing for immediate therapeutic effects. This is particularly important when the patient is unable to take medications orally or when rapid absorption is critical for stabilizing the patient's condition.

Intramuscular administration is also a viable option when IV access is not available or in situations where quick injection can still provide necessary treatment. Both IM and IV routes ensure that hydrocortisone reaches systemic circulation efficiently, providing the necessary glucocorticoid support to combat the acute adrenal insufficiency.

The other options specify either a singular route of administration or restrict the flexibility of use in emergency settings, which does not align with best practices for treating an adrenal crisis where versatility can significantly impact patient outcomes.