What is the mechanism by which Calcium Channel Blockers function?

Calcium Channel Blockers function by preventing calcium from entering the heart and arteries. By inhibiting calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels, these medications effectively reduce the contraction strength of the heart muscle and promote relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle. This leads to decreased heart rate and lowered blood pressure, while also alleviating the workload on the heart.

Calcium is crucial for various cellular functions, including muscle contraction. When calcium channels are blocked, there is reduced contractility in the heart, which helps treat conditions such as hypertension and angina by improving blood flow and reducing the oxygen demand of the heart.

Other options do not accurately describe the mechanism of action. Increasing calcium levels would have the opposite effect of what is desired in treating conditions like hypertension. Blocking epinephrine’s action is more characteristic of beta-blockers rather than calcium channel blockers. Lastly, while diuretics do help eliminate excess fluids, they do so through a different mechanism involving the kidneys and not through calcium channels.