What effect do statins have on cholesterol levels?

Statins are a class of medications primarily used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. They work by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a central role in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver. By reducing the production of cholesterol, statins effectively decrease overall cholesterol levels, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol.

As a result of their action, statins not only help lower total cholesterol but are also associated with a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes, due to their lipid-lowering effects. This mechanism highlights their significance in preventing atherosclerosis and promoting cardiovascular health.

Other options do not accurately describe the action of statins. For instance, increasing cholesterol absorption is contrary to the function of statins, as these medications aim to lower cholesterol rather than increase its uptake in the body. Rising blood pressure is unrelated to the primary function of statins, which are focused on lipid management. Lastly, stating that statins have no effect on cholesterol ignores their established role in managing cholesterol levels effectively. Thus, the reduction of overall cholesterol levels is a well-documented and essential effect of statin therapy.